How Metcalfe’s Law explains the attitude of your sysadmin (or what you perceive as negative behavior)

A poster over at ServerFault complained about the attitude some sysadmins show towards their users, even when the task seems simple and can take as little as 30 minutes maximum. Many users share similar concerns / complaints:

“Every time I ask a simple request like [simple request], these guys act like i’m asking them to build the great wall of china overnight. I’ve had to do this myself many times, it takes under 30 minutes, and maybe 30 seconds of user interaction.”

Or so the poster thinks. There are enough answers that show why comparing stuff you do on a single system are not to be compared with stuff you do when inserting a new system into an already working web of systems with provisioning and established procedures in place. But even when it is only a matter of 30 minutes, it is also a matter of when these thirty minutes will be devoted. Users do not know about RMS or EDF and do not understand that in an interrupt driven line of work sysadmins use intuitive variants of them. I want to expand however on a comment I posted there which links Metcalfe’s Law to the problem. Metcalfe himself has written about the law:

“[Nobody] has attempted to estimate what I hereby call A, network value’s constant of proportionality in my law, V=A*N^2. Nor has anyone tried to fit any resulting curve to actual network sizes and values.”

For simplicity most refer to the law by using V ~ N^2. Note though that in the same blog post Metcalfe points that the constant A (which we conveniently omit most of the times) may change while N increases and may even be a more complicated function of N. He urges people to look into that.

Metcalfe's original slide presenting the Law, circa 1980

What Metcalfe defines as value, is what we, system administrators, lift for a living. So when a service is down and your sysadmins work like crazy to bring it back rest assured that they already know what is at stake. Metcalfe made sure of that. And that is why it does not really help asking them every ten minutes “When is it going to be up again? We are losing money!” Not only do we know, we do not even need a napkin for our guestimate.

And that is why what for the user is “just another server” or “just one more service” and therefore going from N to N+1, actually means that the load to be lifted increases by 2N+1. No it is not just another server or service for it is not independent. It is inserted in an already complex system and it must be done so in a way that does not affect the stability of the (new) whole. Rolling back, if things fail, is a myth. This is a lot more complicated than your testbed setup which no matter how complex, is simple enough. Consultants and other “out of town experts” routinely make this mistake.

A schematic may make it easier to understand. We all know the corporate pyramid, where “the top” is the target (or the result of the Peter Principle in action) of workers within an organization. But within organizations, a second (inverse) pyramid forms, a pyramid that explains your sysadmin’s day:

A day in the life of your sysadmin

It’s no wonder that, even putting personality and character deficiencies aside, your sysadmin looks grumpy at times. Like the Last Electrical Engineer, his work is of infinite weight and importance, but invisible to the known (organizational) universe.

Remember, pressure brings tension.

$5/year and the Paradox of Choice

It has been over a month since I purchased 20G of disk space from Google for $5 per year. Given that a relatively cheap 32G USB drive is being sold for €19 this is a bargain (including the risk of not being able to access my stuff over the network).

The reason I bought space from Google, was because I wanted to upload “My Documents” (PDF mostly) to a single place where I could access it from any computer I work from and always be in sync. By the way, for non-documents I am using MyNetworkFolders.

But here is where the Paradox of Choice emerges: In my “Books” directory I see over 200 ebooks (Math and CS-Math related mostly). They are either O’Reilly titles (including a few from Apress less than 20) or interesting books that have been made available online. Picking them up and filing them in a directory is quick and easy (Hey a book on Optimization, another on Topology, etc let’s keep a copy around). Can you imagine the actual space that 200+ hundred books would occupy? Would the bookshelf cost $5 per year? But then again how many of these books will I ever manage to read in my lifetime? At least it seems that sometimes when someone has a question, the answer may have already been downloaded.

The speed and easiness of the delivery are making us somewhat less picky (or alter the way we research before grabbing a book). I was having a similar discussion with a friend who is a professional photographer and he observes that people click far too many (digital) photographs which they file away and forget, as opposed to taking the time and shooting less photographs (because film was expensive, developing took time, etc) which they enjoyed viewing more. As Ashby said only variety can destroy variety.

Prolog books found online

This is an incomplete list of books about Prolog that can be found online:

I am counting on readers’ comments to grow it.

Update by ΤΖΩΤΖΙΟΥ:

άνευ τίτλου

* Κολυμβητήριο ΟΑΚΑ, 2010/10/20 *

– Μα αν αφήσετε τα πράγματά σας στα αποδυτήρια, πως θα μπορέσω εγώ να ντυθώ;
– Α, αυτό δεν είναι δικό μου θέμα.
– Μα αυτό που κάνετε δεν επιτρέπεται!
– Και ποιος το λέει αυτό;
– Η ταμπέλα

ΟΑΚΑ, 2010/10/20

– Α να σας πω! Δε με ξέρατε και από χτες για να μου μιλάτε έτσι!
– ?!?!

Και επειδή η γαϊδουριά πάει σύννεφο, τα πράγματα τα άφησε εκεί.

On the prehistory of Greek CERT(s)

Lately I find myself attending meetings where the need for a single coordinating body over the various efforts of computer / network / cyber security is stressed. Roll back 15 years:

Once upon a time (circa 1996) the GRNET-CERT was formed. It was nothing official, just three guys (me, Georgios Koutepas and Costas Troulos) and a mail alias. Since we had no funding and the legal landscape was non-existent our main focus was on trying to stop whatever incidents occurred. It seemed to work pretty well at the time. We even managed to find some funding and some of us attened FIRST‘s 1998 and 1999 meetings. With the emergence of the GRNET2 project GRNET-CERT was handed over to another institute for operations. Our interests had already shifted from (pure) incident response and we never really followed-up the national progress on that front.

In the meantime the Greek state responded to the void that was forming regarding the legal side of matters. And it did so in the wisest of ways that we are used to being treated to. It formed a multitude of authorities to cover the area, sometimes conflicting one another. Nature abhors vacuum, but as Rob Pike said “sometimes when you fill the vacuum, it still sucks”. There can appear types of incidents that might require reporting to three (or even four) different authorities with no clear roadmap on what one is expected to do if one receives conflicting guidance on subjects that at times require rapid response.

It is a saddening thought to see that the manpower and the resources exist (something that was not that obvious back in 1996), that people with skill, knowledge and willingness to work exist, yet the overall progress is kind of minimal.

Question for CISA holders: What is your CPE credit strategy?

ISACA informed last week that my application for CISA got accepted. I had passed the exam quite some time ago, but since no professional certification is particularly helpful in the Greek Public Sector I was reluctunt in applying. I finally made up my mind and now I need to dance the steps. So as the subject says, the question is simple:

– What is your strategy in earning CPEs ?

I’ve read the relevant ISACA provided information, but I am particularly interested in what CISA holders in Greece do to keep up. So if you can answer, or forward a link to this post to someone who can provide (even minimal) information / guidance, I would appreciate it.

“Yahoo.com hates us. Suggestions”

There’s an interesting thread (“Yahoo.com hates us. Suggestions“) over at the mailop mailing list. I’ve encountered almost every behavior from Yahoo! Mail servers that is documented there. Unfortunately the mailop archives are not open to the public, so you need to subscribe first.

In our case, when we deal with Yahoo! Mail delivery problems, it is almost always a case of infected machines (sometimes even a handful) sending spam …everywhere. So whenever we observe long delays while delivering to Yahoo! Mail or many many messages waiting to be delivered, we always seek for the infected. Thanks to feedback loops that are implemented by the (really) big email hubs, we also get early warning on such matters. As a matter of fact, Yahoo! Mail also runs a feedback loop, but it requires DKIM, and since we’ve stopped using DKIM (dkim-filter crashed frequently on our systems) we rely on the rest of the loops to be kept …in the loop. It seems to be working OK so far.

serverfault

New assignment for apprentice: Try to answer one question per day from www.serverfault.com

(Note: Asking questions also counts.)

System Administration requires a diverse set of skills that (still) most pick up on the job in a reactive way: Problem occurs, learn what is needed to solve it; if we like the subject dig deeper too. Serverfault is one of those places where people in the profession go for help. Reading questions and answers helps, but answering something helps more. Actually writing an answer (or a question) includes that extra effort that differentiates between it may be solved this way and it is solved this way. Plus there is a whole community that can correct in no time any errors in your answers. You do not even have to know the answer. Just pick up any question you find interesting enough and try to find an answer. The diversity of the questions asked on serverfault makes it virtually impossible to not find at least one (even remotely) interesting every day.

Just pick one. Any. Failure is an option. You do not have to be sysadmin1138 to answer a question, but you can surely become one.

Are “systems people” really necessary?

A good friend forwarded me a (handwritten) manuscript by E.W. Dijkstra entitled Are “systems people” really necessary? Giorgos pointed out that it might already be archived in the E.W Dijkstra Archive. As a matter of fact it is EWD1095 [handwritten version here in pdf].

It is a classic EWD document, straight to the point, properly impolite and asking the right questions. Great advice for career and personal growth.